Can a minor cash a check without a bank account explained

Can a minor cash a check without a bank account is a question that often arises when young individuals find themselves with a check but no direct access to traditional banking. Imagine a young entrepreneur, perhaps a budding artist or a diligent lawn mower, who has earned a payment for their services. This check, a tangible representation of their hard work, suddenly becomes a puzzle.

The fundamental challenge lies in the fact that financial institutions, and many other entities, are bound by legal frameworks designed to protect both the individual and the institution. These frameworks often stipulate that minors, due to their legal status, cannot independently enter into binding financial contracts, which includes the act of cashing a check. This presents a unique scenario where resourcefulness and understanding of alternative pathways become paramount.

Navigating the financial landscape as a minor without a bank account presents a series of intricate hurdles. The core of the issue stems from legal considerations; minors, by definition, are not considered fully emancipated adults and therefore lack the legal capacity to conduct certain financial transactions without adult supervision or consent. This is not merely an arbitrary rule but a protective measure, designed to prevent exploitation and ensure that financial decisions are made with maturity and understanding.

Common scenarios where this situation might arise include receiving birthday gifts in the form of checks, payment for odd jobs, or even prize money from a competition. Each of these situations, while positive in their origin, can lead to a moment of frustration when the next step – converting that paper into usable funds – seems elusive.

Understanding the Core Question: Can A Minor Cash A Check Without A Bank Account

Ah, the age-old conundrum: a minor, a check, and a distinct lack of a bank account. It’s a scenario that can leave even the most financially savvy adult scratching their head, let alone a young individual eager to spend their hard-earned (or generously gifted) dough. The fundamental challenge lies in the fact that checks are essentially promises of payment from a bank, and banks, in their infinite wisdom, tend to prefer dealing with individuals who can legally enter into contracts and are, well, not legally minors.This isn’t just about banks being grumpy; it’s rooted in the legal framework that governs financial transactions.

Minors, by definition, have limited legal capacity. This means they can’t typically enter into binding agreements, and cashing a check is, in essence, a financial transaction that requires a level of contractual understanding and responsibility. Think of it as a protective measure, albeit one that can feel like a bureaucratic brick wall when you’re just trying to buy that new video game.

Legal Framework for Minors and Financial Transactions

The legal landscape surrounding minors and their ability to conduct financial affairs is a delicate balancing act. Governments and financial institutions aim to protect minors from exploitation and from entering into agreements they might not fully comprehend, while also allowing them to participate in the economy to a reasonable degree. This is why you won’t find many ATMs dispensing cash with a simple wink and a nod to a teenager.

“The law, in its infinite wisdom, often creates more problems than it solves for those trying to navigate its labyrinthine corridors with pockets full of checks and dreams of instant gratification.”

The core principle is that minors generally lack the legal capacity to contract. This means most financial institutions are reluctant to cash checks directly for them without some form of adult endorsement or supervision. It’s not personal; it’s policy, and that policy is designed to prevent potential fraud and to ensure that financial transactions are conducted by individuals who can be held legally accountable.

This often translates into needing a parent or legal guardian to co-sign or present the check themselves.

Common Scenarios for Minors Cashing Checks

Despite the legal hurdles, there are plenty of everyday situations where a minor might find themselves holding a check and needing to convert it into spendable cash without the convenience of their own bank account. These scenarios, while common, often highlight the practical difficulties faced by young people.Here are some typical instances:

• Birthday and Holiday Gifts: Grandparents, aunts, uncles, and family friends often opt for the classic check as a gift. While generous, it leaves the minor with a piece of paper that requires a bit of legwork to turn into tangible fun.
• Allowance or Chore Payments: Some parents opt for a check-based allowance system or payment for specific chores. This can be a good way to teach financial responsibility, but it introduces the need for a method to access the funds.
• Earnings from Part-Time Gigs: Even young entrepreneurs or those with occasional jobs (like babysitting or lawn mowing) might receive payment via check, especially if the employer isn’t a close family member.
• Prize Winnings: Participation in contests, school events, or local competitions can sometimes result in prize money being issued as a check.

Identifying Potential Check Cashing Locations

For a minor who finds themselves in possession of a check but without the golden ticket of a bank account, the quest for cold, hard cash can feel like a treasure hunt. Fortunately, the modern marketplace offers a variety of establishments willing to perform this financial alchemy, albeit with varying degrees of enthusiasm and associated fees. Navigating these options requires a bit of savvy, much like trying to explain TikTok trends to your grandparents.The world of check cashing for minors is not exactly a well-advertised secret, but it’s certainly a functional reality.

These locations act as intermediaries, converting that paper promise into tangible currency, often for a price. Think of them as the benevolent (or sometimes not-so-benevolent) wizards of the financial realm, ready to cast a spell on your check.

Retail Establishments Offering Check Cashing Services

A surprising number of everyday retail stores have integrated check cashing into their service repertoire, aiming to draw in foot traffic and encourage impulse purchases. These are often the first places a young person might consider, as they are familiar and accessible.

• Supermarkets and Grocery Stores: Many large chain supermarkets, such as Walmart or Kroger, offer check cashing services at their customer service desks. This is often a convenient option as it combines a necessary errand with the task of getting cash.
• Convenience Stores: Smaller, local convenience stores or national chains like 7-Eleven might also cash checks, though their limits and fees can vary more widely. They are typically open for longer hours, which can be a significant advantage.
• Drugstores: Some pharmacies, particularly larger ones like CVS or Walgreens, have customer service counters that may offer check cashing.
• Big-Box Retailers: Beyond supermarkets, other large retailers that sell a wide array of goods might have a service desk that can assist with check cashing.

The decision of which retail establishment to patronize often boils down to a trade-off between convenience, cost, and the likelihood of the check being cashed.

Pros and Cons of Using Different Retail Establishments

Each type of retail location presents its own unique set of advantages and disadvantages for a minor seeking to cash a check. Understanding these nuances can help in making the most financially sound and practical choice.

Establishment Type	Pros	Cons
Supermarkets/Grocery Stores	Generally lower fees, high volume means they are accustomed to cashing checks, often have dedicated customer service areas.	May have stricter limits on check amounts, require specific forms of identification, and can have longer wait times during peak hours.
Convenience Stores	Longer operating hours, quick service for smaller amounts.	Potentially higher fees, lower check cashing limits, and may not cash certain types of checks (e.g., payroll checks from less reputable companies).
Drugstores	Convenient if already shopping there, often a quieter environment than a busy supermarket.	Check cashing services may be less common, limits can be lower, and fees might be less competitive.
Big-Box Retailers	Can handle larger check amounts, often have established policies for check cashing.	May require a store loyalty card or specific identification, can have significant wait times.

Typical Requirements for Minors at Retail Locations

While the specific requirements can differ, most retail locations will have a standard set of demands to ensure the legitimacy of the transaction and to protect themselves from fraud.

For a minor to successfully cash a check at a retail establishment, a combination of identification and the check itself will be paramount.

Common requirements include:

• Valid Government-Issued Identification: This is the most crucial element. For minors, this typically means a state-issued ID card, a driver’s permit (if applicable), or sometimes a passport. A school ID is rarely sufficient on its own. The ID must be current and not expired.
• The Check Itself: This goes without saying, but the check must be properly endorsed by the payee (the person whose name is on the check). For a minor, this means signing their name on the back, exactly as it appears on the front.
• Parental or Guardian Presence: In many cases, especially for larger amounts or if the minor appears very young, the store may require a parent or legal guardian to be present to co-sign or verify the minor’s identity. This is a protective measure for both the minor and the business.
• Proof of Address: Some locations might ask for a utility bill or other document to verify the minor’s residential address, especially if the ID doesn’t contain this information.
• Check Verification: The store will invariably use a third-party service to verify the funds and legitimacy of the check, which can sometimes lead to a delay or rejection.

Dedicated Check Cashing Stores

For those seeking a more specialized service, dedicated check cashing stores are the financial equivalent of a tailor-made suit. They exist solely to provide quick access to cash, often for a premium.These establishments, such as ACE Cash Express or Check Into Cash, are built around the business of converting checks into cash efficiently. They are designed for speed and convenience, making them a popular choice for individuals who don’t have bank accounts or need funds immediately.

The Process at a Typical Check Cashing Store

The experience at a check cashing store is generally straightforward, though it’s important to be aware of the fees involved. The process is designed to be quick, much like a fast-food drive-thru, but with financial transactions.The typical steps involve:

1. Presenting the Check: The customer brings the check to the teller at the counter.
2. Providing Identification: The customer must present valid, government-issued identification. For minors, this will likely require a state ID or permit, and potentially parental accompaniment.
3. Verification: The store’s system will verify the check’s authenticity, amount, and the funds available in the issuing account. This process is usually very fast.
4. Fee Calculation: The store will inform the customer of the fee for cashing the check. This fee is typically a percentage of the check amount, plus a flat fee.
5. Receiving Cash: If everything checks out and the customer agrees to the fee, the teller will hand over the cash, minus the service charge.

It’s important to note that check cashing stores often have higher fees than traditional banks or even some larger retailers. This is their business model; they provide a service for those who need immediate cash and may not have other options. For a minor, understanding these fees is crucial to ensure they receive the expected amount of money. For example, a $100 check might incur a fee of $5-$10 or more, depending on the store and the type of check.

This is a significant cost for receiving funds, so it’s always wise to compare rates if multiple options are available.

Exploring Alternative Solutions and Workarounds

When the direct path to cashing a check without a bank account seems blocked for a minor, it’s time to put on our thinking caps and explore some clever detours. Fortunately, the world of finance, much like a well-stocked pantry, offers various ingredients to whip up a solution. We’re not just talking about magic wands here; these are practical, albeit sometimes slightly more involved, methods to get those funds into younger hands.This section dives into the resourceful strategies available when a minor needs to access the funds from a check without the immediate need for their own personal checking account.

Think of it as a financial Swiss Army knife, offering multiple tools for different situations.

Methods for a Minor to Obtain Funds Without Directly Cashing

Sometimes, the simplest solution isn’t the most direct. Instead of the minor personally taking the check to a cashing location, there are other ways to convert that paper promise into usable cash or credit. These methods often leverage the support of a trusted adult.

• Gift Card Conversion: Certain retailers allow the purchase of gift cards using a check, provided the check is for an amount equal to or less than the gift card value. The minor can then use the gift card for purchases, effectively accessing the funds without needing to cash the check directly. This is particularly useful if the minor has specific stores they frequent.

  Generally, a minor might find it challenging to cash a check without a bank account, often requiring a parent or guardian. This is a different scenario than when considering how can you transfer money credit card bank account , which involves different financial mechanisms. For a minor, the key is often parental involvement to facilitate check cashing.

• Prepaid Debit Card Load: Similar to gift cards, some prepaid debit card providers allow customers to load funds onto their cards using a check. The minor, or their guardian, could potentially take the check to a designated load-up location (often a retail store or financial institution) and add the check’s value to a prepaid card. This offers more flexibility than a store-specific gift card.

Parent or Guardian Assistance in Cashing Checks

The cavalry often arrives in the form of a responsible adult. Parents and guardians are typically the most straightforward allies in navigating the check-cashing landscape for a minor. Their involvement can simplify the process significantly, turning a potential headache into a manageable task.

• Endorsement and Presentation: The most common method involves the parent or guardian endorsing the check. This means signing the back of the check, often with the phrase “For Deposit Only” or “Pay to the Order of [Parent’s Name]” along with their signature. Once endorsed, the parent or guardian can then present the check at a bank where they have an account.

• Acting as a Representative: In some instances, a bank may allow a parent or guardian to cash a check made out to their minor child if they can provide proof of guardianship and the check is for a relatively small amount. This often requires the parent to have their own identification and possibly a document like a birth certificate to establish the relationship.

• Utilizing Their Own Bank Account: The parent or guardian can deposit the check into their own bank account. Once the funds clear, they can then withdraw the equivalent amount in cash to give to the minor. This bypasses the need for the minor to have their own account or visit a check-cashing service.

Depositing a Check into a Parent or Guardian’s Account

This is arguably the most seamless and secure method for a minor to benefit from a check without needing their own banking infrastructure. It leverages the existing financial relationship of a trusted adult.The process involves the parent or guardian acting as the intermediary. They will endorse the check, typically by signing the back and writing “For Deposit Only” or “Pay to the Order of [Parent’s Name]” above their signature.

Then, they take the endorsed check to their bank. The bank will accept the check and deposit the funds into the parent’s account. Once the funds have cleared (which can take a few business days depending on the bank and the check issuer), the parent can then withdraw the money in cash to give to the minor, or transfer it to a separate account if one is established for the child.

This method avoids the fees associated with check-cashing services and ensures the funds are handled by a secure financial institution.

Strategies for Minors to Open Their Own Bank Accounts, Can a minor cash a check without a bank account

While the immediate need might be to cash a check without an account, planting the seed for future financial independence is always a wise move. Opening a bank account, even at a young age, can teach valuable lessons about saving, budgeting, and managing money responsibly. Many banks offer specialized accounts for minors, often requiring a parent or guardian to be a joint account holder.

• Joint Accounts with a Parent/Guardian: This is the most common pathway for minors. A parent or legal guardian opens a savings or checking account with the minor, meaning both parties have access and responsibility for the account. The minor learns to manage their own money, while the adult provides oversight and guidance. Many banks offer “youth” or “student” accounts with lower minimum balance requirements and no monthly fees.

• Custodial Accounts (UGMA/UTMA): These accounts are set up by an adult (the custodian) for the benefit of a minor (the beneficiary). The assets in the account legally belong to the minor, but the custodian manages them until the minor reaches the age of majority (typically 18 or 21, depending on the state). While not strictly a “checking account” in the traditional sense, these accounts can hold funds and are often used for savings and investment purposes.

  The minor can still access funds through withdrawal requests approved by the custodian.

• Exploring Online Banks and Fintech Companies: The landscape of banking is evolving rapidly, and many online banks and financial technology (fintech) companies offer innovative solutions for young people. Some may have specific products designed for minors, often with user-friendly apps and features that make managing money engaging. It’s worth researching these options, as they might offer lower fees or more accessible entry points than traditional brick-and-mortar banks.

• Building a Relationship with a Local Credit Union: Credit unions, being member-owned, often have a more community-focused approach and may be more flexible in accommodating young members. They might offer educational resources and personalized assistance in opening accounts for minors, fostering a sense of financial literacy from an early age.

Documenting Requirements and Fees

So, you’ve navigated the labyrinth of check cashing for minors and found a potential oasis. But before you start dreaming of that ice cream sundae funded by your hard-earned (or gifted) check, we need to talk about the fine print. It’s like trying to assemble IKEA furniture; the instructions are crucial, and sometimes, you might discover a hidden screw of a fee.

This section will equip you with the knowledge to understand what you need and what it might cost, ensuring you don’t end up with a check that’s lighter than a feather and a wallet that’s emptier than a politician’s promise.

Identification Documents for Minors

To prove you are indeed the rightful recipient of this paper promise of funds, most establishments will require a form of identification. Think of it as your “official me” card. While the specific requirements can vary, here’s a list of commonly accepted documents that can help a minor establish their identity for check cashing purposes. It’s always best to call ahead and confirm what they’ll accept, lest you embark on a wild goose chase that would make Indiana Jones proud.

• Government-Issued Photo ID: This is the gold standard. Examples include a state-issued driver’s license or a state ID card. If you happen to have a passport at your disposal, that often works too. These are typically the most trusted forms of identification.
• School ID with Photo: Some check cashing services, especially those that cater to younger demographics or are located near educational institutions, may accept a valid school ID that clearly displays your photograph and name.
• Birth Certificate: While less common as a standalone ID for cashing checks, a birth certificate, especially when presented alongside another form of identification (even a school ID), can sometimes be used to corroborate your identity and age.
• Social Security Card: This document verifies your Social Security number, which is often a requirement. However, it usually needs to be presented with a photo ID.
• Parent or Guardian Identification: In many cases, especially for younger minors, the accompanying parent or legal guardian will need to present their own valid government-issued photo ID. This serves as a secondary layer of verification, confirming the relationship and authorizing the transaction.

Common Fees for Check Cashing Services

Ah, fees. The necessary evil that keeps these establishments in business and, let’s be honest, allows them to offer a service that banks often don’t for non-customers. For those without a bank account, check cashing services typically charge a fee, often a percentage of the check’s value, or a flat fee, or sometimes a combination of both. It’s their way of saying, “Thanks for letting us do the heavy lifting, here’s our invoice.”

• Percentage-Based Fee: This is the most common model. A certain percentage of the check amount is charged as a fee. For example, a 1% fee on a $100 check would be $1.
• Flat Fee: Some services might charge a fixed amount per check, regardless of the check’s value. This can be more cost-effective for larger checks but less so for smaller ones.
• Minimum Fee: Often, there’s a minimum fee applied, even if the percentage calculation results in a lower amount. This ensures the service is profitable even on very small checks.
• Additional Service Fees: Occasionally, there might be extra charges for specific services, such as expedited cashing or for cashing certain types of checks (like payroll checks versus personal checks).

Sample Fee Structure for Check Cashing Services

To give you a clearer picture, let’s imagine a hypothetical check cashing service. They want to be competitive, but they also need to pay their rent and their employees, who, I assume, have excellent taste in coffee. Here’s a sample fee structure that you might encounter. Remember, this is illustrative, and actual fees can vary wildly.

Check Amount	Fee Percentage	Minimum Fee	Calculated Fee	Actual Fee Charged
$50.00	2.0%	$2.00	$1.00	$2.00 (Minimum fee applies)
$100.00	2.0%	$2.00	$2.00	$2.00
$250.00	2.0%	$2.00	$5.00	$5.00
$500.00	1.5%	$2.00	$7.50	$7.50

“The true cost of convenience is often measured in small, recurring increments.”

Importance of Understanding Terms and Conditions

Before you hand over that precious check and your carefully gathered documents, it is absolutely paramount to understand all the terms and conditions. This isn’t just about the fees; it’s about the entire process. Ignoring the fine print is like walking into a maze without a map – you might get out, but it’s going to be a lot more stressful and potentially costly.

• Full Disclosure of Fees: Ensure that all fees, including any potential hidden charges or service charges, are clearly stated and explained. Don’t be afraid to ask for clarification if something is unclear.
• Check Acceptance Policies: Understand what types of checks they accept and any limitations they might have (e.g., limits on check amounts, restrictions on personal checks).
• Identification Requirements: Reconfirm the exact identification documents needed. Showing up with the wrong papers is a surefire way to turn a quick transaction into a frustrating ordeal.
• Dispute Resolution: Familiarize yourself with the service’s policy on handling any discrepancies or disputes that might arise regarding the transaction.
• Transaction Limits: Some services may have daily or per-transaction limits on the amount of money that can be cashed.
• Hold Periods: Inquire if there are any hold periods for certain types of checks, although this is less common for standard check cashing services compared to bank deposits.

Illustrating the Process with Examples

Navigating the world of check cashing can feel like deciphering ancient hieroglyphs, especially for our younger demographic. This section aims to demystify the process by walking through practical scenarios, ensuring that minors can confidently access their funds, even without a personal bank account. We’ll explore how everyday establishments can become your financial allies and how a little parental wisdom can go a long way.Think of these examples as your trusty map and compass in the land of negotiable instruments.

We’ll break down the steps, highlight potential pitfalls, and offer ingenious workarounds, all while keeping a light-hearted tone because, let’s face it, managing money shouldn’t require a PhD. From the humble grocery store to the magical realm of prepaid cards, we’ve got you covered.

Cashing a Check at a Grocery Store: A Minor’s Quest

Grocery stores, those beacons of sustenance and often, unexpected financial services, can be a go-to for cashing checks. It’s akin to finding a hidden treasure chest amongst the produce aisle. Here’s how a minor might embark on this quest:

1. The Target: Identify a grocery store that offers check cashing services. Larger chains are usually more accommodating.
2. The Arsenal: Gather your essential documents. This typically includes the check itself, and a valid form of identification. For minors, this often means a school ID, a state-issued ID if available, or potentially a passport. Some stores might also require a secondary form of ID or a phone number for verification.
3. The Negotiation: Approach the customer service desk, where the check cashing wizards reside. Politely present your check and identification.
4. The Ritual: The cashier will examine the check for authenticity and verify your identification. They may ask a few questions to confirm details.
5. The Reward: If all checks out, you’ll receive your cash, minus any service fees. Be sure to ask about the fees upfront – knowledge is power, and cash is king.

It’s important to note that policies vary significantly. Some stores may have limits on the amount they will cash for non-customers or minors, and some may require a store loyalty card. Always inquire about their specific policies before making the trip.

Parental Endorsement: The Guardian’s Stamp of Approval

When a minor lacks the required identification or the check issuer has specific restrictions, a parent or legal guardian can step in as the benevolent gatekeeper. This involves a simple, yet crucial, endorsement.A parent can endorse a check for their minor child by signing the back of the check in the endorsement area. Typically, this would look something like:

“Pay to the order of [Minor’s Name]”[Parent’s Signature][Parent’s Printed Name][Parent’s Phone Number (Optional but Recommended)]

After the parent endorses the check, the minor can then attempt to cash it. The check casher will likely require identification from both the parent (for the initial endorsement) and the minor (to confirm they are the intended recipient, especially if the parent explicitly wrote “Pay to the order of [Minor’s Name]”). Some establishments might prefer the parent to cash the check and then give the funds to the minor, which simplifies the process but offers less independence to the child.

Prepaid Debit Cards: A Modern-Day Treasure Chest

For minors who frequently receive payments or allowances and want a convenient way to manage funds without a traditional bank account, a prepaid debit card can be a fantastic alternative. It acts as a digital wallet, accessible via an ATM or for purchases.Consider Sarah, a 15-year-old who babysits regularly. Her parents set her up with a prepaid debit card. When a family pays her $50, instead of handing her cash, they can offer to transfer the funds directly to her prepaid card account.

If she receives a check for $50 from a relative, her parents could help her deposit it onto the card (some cards have mobile deposit features, or she could go to a designated reload location). Sarah can then use the card for online purchases, at stores, or withdraw cash from an ATM, all without needing to physically cash a check each time.

This method offers security and teaches financial responsibility in a controlled environment.

Comparing Check Cashing Methods: A Practical Overview

To help you make an informed decision, here’s a comparative table of common check cashing methods for minors, outlining their typical requirements and associated costs. Remember, these are general guidelines, and specific details can vary by institution and location.

Method	Identification Needed	Potential Fees	Processing Time
Retail Store	Valid government-issued ID (e.g., driver’s license, state ID), school ID, or passport. May require a secondary ID or phone number.	Typically a percentage of the check amount (e.g., 1-5%), or a flat fee. Minimum and maximum cashing limits often apply.	Instantaneous, upon verification of the check and ID.
Parental Assistance	Parent/Guardian: Valid government-issued ID. Minor: May need to be present and provide some form of ID, depending on the cashing location’s policy.	If the parent cashes it at their bank, usually no fee for them. If cashed at a third-party service, fees similar to retail stores may apply.	Instantaneous if cashed at a bank; variable if processed through a third-party service.
Prepaid Card	For card activation: Parent/Guardian’s ID and information (if minor is under 18). For card usage: The card itself, and sometimes a PIN. For deposits: The check and potentially the card or account number.	Activation fees, monthly maintenance fees, ATM withdrawal fees, transaction fees for certain purchases, reload fees. Varies widely by card provider.	Instant for purchases/ATM withdrawals. Deposits can take 1-3 business days to process, depending on the method.

Summary

Ultimately, while the path for a minor to cash a check without a bank account may seem complex, it is far from insurmountable. By understanding the legal landscape, exploring the various retail and alternative solutions, and being prepared with the necessary documentation, minors can successfully access their funds. The key lies in informed decision-making, leveraging the support of trusted adults, and perhaps even taking the proactive step of opening their own youth bank account.

This journey through financial literacy, even at a young age, equips them with valuable skills for their future, transforming a potential obstacle into a learning opportunity.

FAQ Section

Can a minor cash a check at any grocery store?

Not all grocery stores offer check cashing services, and those that do often have specific policies regarding the amount of the check and the identification required, especially for minors. It’s advisable to call ahead to confirm their services and requirements.

What is the youngest age a minor can typically cash a check?

There isn’t a universal minimum age set by law for cashing a check, as it largely depends on the policies of the check cashing location and the issuing bank. However, most places will require a minor to be at least 16 or 17 years old and possess valid identification.

Are there any online services that allow minors to cash checks without a bank account?

Online check cashing services generally require users to be at least 18 years old due to regulatory compliance. Minors typically cannot use these services independently.

What happens if a minor tries to cash a check that bounces?

If a check bounces, the minor (or their guardian) would be responsible for the amount of the check, and potentially additional fees from the check cashing location and the issuing bank. This highlights the importance of ensuring the check is valid and funded.

Can a minor cash a check made out to someone else?

No, a check can only be cashed by the person or entity named on the “Pay to the Order of” line. A minor cannot cash a check made out to another individual, even if they know them.